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WHAT IS OVERACTIVE BLADDER?

The bladder is an organ where the urine produced by the kidneys is stored. The bladder, which consists of a muscular structure, is in the form of a sac and can store an average of 500 cc of urine. In OAB syndrome there is a problem in the contraction of the smooth muscles around the bladder. These muscles contract excessively, causing an increase in internal bladder pressure and a sudden feeling of urination. In overactive bladder accompanied by urinary incontinence, an increase in the frequency of urination and urination at night is usually observed.

WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF OVERACTIVE BLADDER?

  • Urine storage symptoms. Storage symptoms include:
  • Sudden need to urinate and difficulty in postponing it
  • involuntary urinary leakage
  • Need to urinate more frequently than normal
  • Waking up at night with the need to urinate
  • 10-20% of people suffer from such complaints to varying degrees at some point in their lives.

OVERACTIVE BLADDER SYMPTOMS

As we mentioned before, the most important feature of this disease is that it is common among young people who are active in daily life and have a social life. This condition, which can cause many urinary complaints, manifests itself with four basic complaints. These; going to the toilet frequently, getting up to go to the toilet at night, sudden feeling of having to urinate and suddenly getting stuck and not being able to reach the toilet urinary incontinence. It is not necessary to have all four major complaints. The presence of any of them or the presence of several together makes us think ofoveractive bladder The most important of these complaints is the sudden feeling of tightness. After the differential diagnosis of other diseases that may cause it is made, this complaint may make us think of overactive bladder, but it may not be sufficient on its own to make a diagnosis. Frequent urination is a urologicalcomplaint that can be seen frequently depending on the person’s comorbidities, medications used and surgeries he/she has undergone. The number of daily urinations will vary depending on the amount of fluid consumed and the tea and coffee habits used. However, in normal cases, it can be considered normal for a person to urinate up to seven times during the day when he is not sleeping. Urinating at night does not always indicate a disease, depending on the additional factors we just mentioned. Fluid taken before bedtime, fruit consumption, tea and coffee habits before bedtime will affect the amount of urine and nighttime urination. However, although all these are stable, sudden onset of night urination can be considered as a new symptom. There are studies showing that urinating three or more times a night will significantly impair the quality of life by causing disturbances in getting enough sleep. Another overactive bladder syndrome, sudden urge incontinence, is an important urological complaint that causes serious social problems in people. Daily attack frequency and amount of incontinence must be tested and recorded.

OVERACTIVE BLADDER TREATMENT

In the treatment of overactive bladder disease, it is important to first make the correct diagnosis. Because the problem may simply be caused by excessive fluid consumption. In such cases, reducing fluid consumption to an average level also normalizes the number of urinations.
To talk about the presence of disease and to distinguish the syndrome from other conditions, the patient’s history is first listened to. Then, physical examination and laboratory examinations are performed. Overactive bladder is a condition that can usually only be understood from the patient’s history.
Patients are advised to keep a 3-day bladder diary. The daily fluid intake and the time at which one goes to the toilet are noted. The amount and type of fluid taken and the amount of urine output are especially noted.
A special test called urodynamics is applied especially in treatment-resistant patients and involuntary contractions in the bladder muscles are clearly detected.
There is more than one treatment method for the disease, but the patient is first asked to make lifestyle changes and develop pelvic exercise habits. In addition to these, drug treatment can also be applied. In patients where all these treatment methods are unsuccessful, bladder botox applications and surgical interventions that reduce nerve conduction may be preferred. In some cases, bladder enlargement can also be used as an effective treatment method.
Many patients are treated with muscle exercises, improvements in standard of living, and medication. The priority for overweight patients is to reach a healthy weight range.
Therefore, treatment practices support this process. The fact that the disease is not life-threatening makes it possible to treat it by providing healthy living conditions. In order to treat this syndrome, which closely affects social life and causes psychological problems, as soon as possible, a specialist doctor should be consulted if symptoms are observed. In this way, the disease can be treated.